At its most simple,  power steering is a system that reduces the hassle required of the driver to turn the steering wheel. Without power assist, the steering of most vehicles would be extremely heavy, particularly during low-speed maneuvers like pulling into a parking spot, turning a 90-degree corner within the city, or maneuvering in an exceedingly crowded gasoline station.

In a hydraulic steering system, the trouble required to turn the wheel of a vehicle by the rotation of the wheel is reduced with the assistance of hydraulic assistance. When the handwheel is turned, a hydraulic ram, which pulls power from the vehicle’s engine, starts to pump hydraulic fluid through the system’s lines. This high-pressure hydraulic fluid then enters a cylinder and exerts a force on the cylinder piston. This piston then pushes the hydraulic fluid earlier than it through the system’s lines, which successively exerts pressure on the rack and pinion, coupling arrangement, multiplying the input force several times and leading to the rotation of the vehicle’s front wheels.

In an electrical power-assisted steering system, when the motive force of a vehicle turns its handwheel i.e., gives input, it’s read by the sensors on the steering column and relayed to the Electronic Control Unit (ECU) of the vehicle. The ECU, after analyzing these inputs, sends signaling to an electronic motor. This motor is at the tip of the steering column. The gears of this motor then provide torque supported by the received signals from the ECU to the pinion which relays this torque to the rack and hence, turns the wheels of the vehicle.

In a hybrid power-assisted steering system, the complete working concept remains identical to that of the hydraulic steering mechanism system. the sole significant difference is that the hydraulic ram, which is driven by the engine, is replaced with an electrical pump. This makes the full system a small amount more reliable than the one during which a hydraulic ram is employed.